Metal and concrete building construction



Nov. 12, 1929. u. c. THIES 1,735,827

METAL AND CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed June 14, 1926 1 2 Shets-Sheet l U. C. THIES Nov. 12, 1929.

METAL AND CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed June 14, 1926 2 ,Shets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 12, 1929 emanate. THIES, or DAYTON, onto; Assie ton} BY tissue nssienmnn rs, are GLQBE-WERNIGKE GOMEPANY, or GINCENNATI; onto, acenreanmen or QHIO METAL AND CONCRETE BUILDING GONTRUGTION Application filed June 14,

This invention relates to building construe tion and the primary object of the invention is the provision of a building or structural wall constructedof a rigid structure-of sheet metal units which are covered with a surface of cementitious material.

' I metal'lath which isthen coated with a concrete covering preferably applied or sprayed by means of the customary concerete gun. The sheet; metal parts of the'form defining frame are attached together at their inner faces by sheets of material which are then coated with plaster so as to make a finished interior. Between the outer concrete surface and-theinner plaster surface there will be dead-air space which may be divided. into chambers by means of heat insulating panel pieces attached at theiredges to the various members which make up the frame. A further. object of the invention is to construct the entire outer wall and roof of a building by means of the form defining frame members mentioned. The four walls of the building are constructed first of the rigidly united sheet metal members and the uprights and cross rails of the entire four walls of the building are then poured full of concrete.

The roof is then covered wit-h suitable sheets of material and the cementitious inner-and outer coverings or surfaces thenapplied.

A. further object of the invention-is the use, of the small joint plates by means of which theform defining frame members are attached together attheir ends bythe use of the bolts passing through the joints and through these plates. Theplates are bent outwardly at the corners and form a means by which the expanded metal llath may be fixedly attached to the sheet metal frame members. These outwardly bent corners orea'rs are inserted through the 6X-- panded metal sheet and then bent over the sheets seas-to overlap the main body of'the I wall of the building.

spondingtothe unit shown in Fig. 6,

1925. Serial fm. 115,916.

plates and thus holdthe expanded metal lath and consequently the cementitious sur-' face permanently attached to' the sheet, metal frame members. The joint plates are made integral with and form a part-01f any metal parts such as angle imnawhieh need he hated tothef-ramep I v A further obj ct'of'this invention is the construction of the uprights andcross, rails of the building in a novel manner using two hollow elongated sheet metal units placed side by side and attached together at their; ends. These units are'epen along-one side and are placed together in 'm'ating relation W andheld in place by me'an's of bolt pins which extend through curl plates applied in pairs at each end of the unit.

A further objectof the invention is a'the use f the .fmme'member thejoint set forth in my prior application for-patent entitled Partition ,units and construction? filed February 19, 1926, serial #'8 9,347.

The units set forth" in that 'applicationare used together with a wall covering of c mentitious mater al so as to form theout er" With the foregoing and other objects in view which will be more fully set fo'rth in the following description and'the drawings, one form of my invention will nowbe set forth. In the drawings: i

Fig l is a side elevation of part of a wall of a building showing the elongatedframe membersfaste'ned together in place before the application of concrete or plaster Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the man-' ner in which the roof is attached to a side wall,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through one; corner of the building,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of one fthe-frame units,f Fig. 5. is a side view of the unit showniin Fig. 6 is a plan view of an end'of a modified form of joint or curl plate, i Fig. 7 .is a fragmentary viewzof a joint showing four intersecting members, Fig. S'is a modified form f 'oint corre Fig. 9 isa section through a pair of assem bled units, j i

' Fig. 10*is a detailed View of a joint plate showing how the edges are bent up,

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section of a modified arrangement of a corner of a building, and

F igl 12 is a detail of one of the floor supporting fish plates.

7 Referring more particularly to the drawings by reference numerals, Fig. 1 shows a wall of a building which is constructed of a number of sheetimetal frame members l, each of which is attached at its ends to other frame members as at the joints 2 and 3. Each of along itslength between these flanges.

these upright or cross rail frame members is 'made of a pair'of niating elongated sheetmetal units shownin Fig. 4. The use and construction of these units 4, has been fully set forth in myprior application for patent entitled Partition units and construction, filed February 19, 1926, Serial #89 ,247. My present application is concernedwith the use of such units in a novel manner by applying concrete or other cementitious material both internally and externally to a structure formed of a number of such units;

' The unit 4 is preferably bent from a single piece of sheet metal, such as sheet steel, and is provided with attaching holes 5 on the two inwardly projecting flanges 6 and 7 provided at one side ofthe unit which is open the two sides of the end of the unit are curl plates 8' and 9which are riveted in place to the sides of'the unit. These curl plates are each provided with hollow elongated curled ends which have a length substantially half thewidth of the units, as shown in Fig. 5. The two curl plates 8 and 9 have the curls on the sameside of the unit at one end, the curls being provided at the diagonally opposite corners at the other ends of the units. In this manner a number of exactly similar units may be attached together by. arranging them in pa'irs as shown inrFig. 9 so that the curls all extend parallel and are placed end to end.

Four sleeves or pins 10 extend through these curl plates at a joint and serve to unite, the different units as shown in Fig. 7. These pins 10 are coextensive in length with four of the curls so they may extend through two complete pairs of units. Jointplates 11 close the openings at the union of frame members as indicated in F1 g7 ,land four screws 12, extend a through the holes 13, in these plates,andare threaded into the ends of the four pins 10.

Figs. 6 and 8 show a modified form of unit and joint in which the curls extend outward 1y from the ends of the units so thatthe interior of the frame members at the joints will be unrestricted and will permit the free passage of the concrete when the members are filled.

14, are used to form the frame members, the

units being provided with curl plates 15, and

Pairs-of these frame units indicated a 16 similar to curl plates 8 and 9 of Figs. 4 and 5 Attaching pins 17, four in number extend through the various curl plates at the oint indicated'in Fig. 8, and the joint plate 18 is ap plied to each side of the joint by use of the sc7rews 19 which thread into the ends of pins -The joint plates 11 and 18 are provided with bent corners 54, 'whi'chextend outawayfroin the face of the plates, Fig. 10 showing: in dot ted line position how these corners are bent up. 1 I J The various units are provided with a series of attachin r holes arranged in groups 20, see Fig. 4. hese groups are spaced a uni form distance 6 apart and anysuitable uniformdistance from the ends of the units as indicated at a. Thereare' two holes for each group, a small hole 21 and a large hole 22,which are uniformlyspaced from the.

center lines of the. groups. The largeholes 22 are of such size as to permit the reception of the head of a, screw 23, Fig. 9, by means of which the sheet or strip 24 is attached between adjacent or mating "units. The sheet or strip 24, or the pairs of strips 25, are preferably made of sheet metal and arefir'st attached along theirlengths to the flanges of one of the units by a number of ,the' screws Y strips or plates 24 may be provided within teriorly threaded openings for the reception of screws 26 which attach panel piece 27in place. of metal or heat insulation composition.

-Fig. 9 shows a suitable panel piece 28 held,

between the two metal strips 25 and one of which may be bent when the panels are applied in place and'then bent back to the'posi tion shown in that figure. In order to; construct a building a number of thesefiframe members composed of pairs of units as previ-' ously set forth are attached togetherat their ends so as to form a rigid self-sustainingsheet metal frame as shown in Fig. 1. At the corners of the building the two walls each endina sheet metal upright and the twouprights v are attached'rigidly together by means of steel angle plates 29 the ends of which form- These panel pie'ces'27 may be'sheet' p and take the place of joint plates 11 or joint 7 plate 18. The angle lates 29, are therefore attached by means of t e screws threaded'into' the plus at the oint-s. These angle plates extend t continuously from the foundation to the roof at the corners of the building and form a space 43, with the uprights themselves at the corners, which is subsequently filled mas-e27:

form'ofL corner construction from that in-.

dicated in Fig. 3, where the two uprights are attached by means of bent steel plates 30 which arefastended in place to the inwardly extending flanges of theunits.

The various units are anchored in any suitable manner to the foundation and attached together in such a manner as to provide door ways as at 31 and windows as at 32 in Fig. 1. A floor is indicated at 33 which is supported on joints 34 which in turn are mounted on the cross rails'or members 35. Fish plates 36 serve to reinforce the cross rails 35 in supporting the joists. These fish plates are mounted so as to take the place of the joint plates below the floor hoists. These fish plates 36 are therefore provided with four holes at each end through which the attaching screws 12 may pass and by means of which the fish plates are mounted rigidly in place on the frame members.

After the erection of the rigid sustaining frame the various frame members are filled with'concrete which is poured into the upper ends of the frame units at one or more places at the upper part of the walls or at any of the joints. The concrete for this purpose is preferably used rather thin so that it will flow into the horizontal rails or units as well as filling all of the upright members. v

After the frame members have been filled with concrete the outer surface of concrete indicated at 37 is applied, this concrete being applied or sprayed preferably by means of the usual concrete gun. The concrete is applied or sprayed onto the expanded metal lath 38 from the outside of the building. This expanded metal lath is held firmly attached to the outer sides of the frame members by means of the outwardly bent corners 54, of.

the corner plates 11. These corners are inserted through the expanded metal lath and are. then hammered down so as to hold the metal lath in place. After a suitable coating of concrete has been applied to the outside of the expanded metal lath a coating of concrete indicated at 39, is sprayed from the interior of the building so as to form a homogeneous mass with outer surface 37. After the outer wall of concrete has been applied the panel pieces 27 are placed in position by screwing them to the threaded holes in the edge strips 24 or by bending one of the panel retaining strips 25 for placing of the panels.

After the panel pieces 27 have been placed in position a sheet of material 40, which serves as a backing for an inside plaster surface 41, is attached to the inner sides of the frame members by means of the bent corners of the inside plates ll at the joints, which are made to extend through sheet 40 and are then bent over same to mount them rigidly in position. This sheet 40 may be made of any suitable material such as a heat insulatingcomposition or may be metal lath in the form ofexpanded metal sheets. The plaster cover ing 41 is then applied. It will thus be apparent that two dead-air chambers are provided between the inner wall surface 41 and T the outer Wall of concrete. air chambers obviously function as heat insulators. 1

Suitable edging strips 42 finish the edges of These dead the concrete or plaster. These strips 42 are metallic strips which are held in place by attaching screws at the joints of the frame and which thus take, place at these joints of the plates 11. In this manner the, concrete is finished off neatly at the edges of the open-- ings for door-sand Windows.

When the corners ofthe building are constructed as shown in Fig. 11 the space indicated 43, between the, angle sheet 29 and the vertical uprights 44 and 45; is filled With concrete at the same time the frame members 4.4 and 45' are filled. The frame members 44 and 45 at their inner ends are held in position by angle plates 46 -Which are located at'thejoi-nts so as to take the place of the joint plates 11. The roof of the building may be construct-v ed of a number of frame members 48 which form a skeleton structure similar to thewall of the building. The panel pieces 49 .of the roof may be used in conjunction with the frame structure, if desired or may be omitted;

altogether. Upon the upper side of the frame members v48 are applied sheetsjof material 47 to which the shingles or other suitable weather proofing coat is. attached. These sheets having their corners overlapping the corners of the joints so that screws may. attach the corners of the sheets 47 to the through pins which unite the curls of the frame membcrs. A layer of weather proof material 50 is applied upon the sheets 47 The roof is'supported directly from the walls by means of steel angle members 51, which are bolted to the frame at the joints and which replace the joint plates 11, at these locations. The

angleplates 51 being attached to the frame members ofthe roof and of the wall rigidly unite these two parts of the building. Suitable tie-rods 52, may be used to interconnect 7? the walls together. The'overhangingl portion of the roof preferably ends in a hori zontal frame member. 55. to which is attached a rain-trough 53 at the joints 'of the horizontal frame member of the roof.

.Theinner walls of the building which-divide the same into, different rooms or sections may or may not be concreted as indicated for the outer building walls. The roof members preferably are not filled "with concrete; dueto.

the weight which this would entail. The erectionfof the building by first constructing a rigid, self-sustainingsheet metal structure having hollowuprights and cross rails with concrete orother suitable cementitious material is exceedingly rapid and economical, pro duces a strong permanent structure and is ca pableofbeing performed by labor which need not be skilled. It will be obviousthat my invention is capable of Various modifications and uses and I do not intend to be limited to the precise construction which has been chosen herein forpurposes of illustration of my invention.

I claim 1. A building wall comprising a skeleton self-sustaining frame of hollow rectangular elongated members rigidly attached together at their ends to define a series of rectangles, and filled with concrete, an exterior covering means of cementitious material on the outer face of the frame, an inner wall surface extending between said members and spaced from said exterior covering means to provide a dead-air chamber 'therebetween. V

2. A building wall comprising a. self-sustaining sheet metal frame of hollow elongated members attached rigidly together at their ends and arranged in mating pairs and filled with concrete, an exterior covering of concrete on the outer face of the said frame and an inner wall surface extending :between said members and spaced from said exterior covering means'to provide dead air space therebetween. o I

3. A building wall'comprising a skeleton self-sustaining sheet metal frame of hollow elongated members rigidly attached together and filled with concrete, an exterior sheet of foraminous metal on the outer face ofsaid frame, a coating of concrete on said sheet, a

series of rigid panels between the said members, and an inner wall surface of cementitious material on the inner face of said members, said panels being spaced from said inner andouter surfaces to provide dead air spaces.

4. A building wall comprising a skeleton self-sustaining frame of hollow rectangular elongated members rigidly attached together at their ends to define a series of rectangles. an

exterior covering means of cementitious material on the outer face of the frame, and an inner. wall surface extending between adjacent members and spaced from said exterior covering means to provide a dead-air chamber therebetween. a

5. A building wallcomprising a self-sustaining sheet metal frame built up of hollow elongated members attached rigidly together .i

at their ends and arranged in mating pairs,

7 an exteriorcovering of concrete on the outer face of said frame, and a wall surface extending between said members and spaced from said exterior covering means to provide a dead-air space therebetween.

6. A build ng wall comprising a skeleton selfrsustaining sheet metal frame of hollow elongated members rigidly attached together,

. an, exterior sheet of foraminous metal on the outer face of said frame, a coating of coni said panels being spaced from said inner and V outerv surfaces to provide dead-air spaces.

In testimony whereof I have, hereunto set my hand this 10 day of June, 1926.. J o URBAN, C. THIES. 

